Edward Bernays Engineering Of Consent Pdf Converter
Posted By admin On 04.02.20Government & The Law Warrior Politics: Why Leadership Demands a Pagan Ethos – Robert D. Kaplan ‘Warrior Politics’ argues that, because we live in dangerous times, a new kind of leadership is required. The book extracts the best of the wisdom of the ages for modern leaders who are faced with the complex life-and-death challenges of today’s world and are determined to win.
Sun-Tzu (‘The Art Of War’) urges leaders to “plan and calculate like a hungry man.” Machiavelli (‘The Prince’) defines a policy not by its excellence but by its outcome. Livy (‘My Thoughts On Truth’) argues “Never mind if they call your caution timidity, your wisdom sloth, your generosity weakness. It is better that a wise enemy should fear you than that foolish friends should praise.” Replete with maxims, warnings, examples from history, and shrewd recommendations, ‘Warrior Politics’ wrests from the past the lessons we need to arm ourselves for the present. It offers an invaluable template for any decision-maker-in foreign policy or in business-faced with high stakes and inadequate knowledge of a mine-filled terrain. As we gear ourselves up for a new kind of war, no book is more prescient, more shrewd, or more essential.
So, They Say You’ve Broken The Law: Challenging Legal Authority – The Lioness “This little book will give you the information, the know-how and the tools to successfully challenge alleged Authority in and out of court. Barristers, QCs and lawyers worldwide have read and discussed the content with the author and cannot find a legal argument against it. Use it for defence, appeal or to challenge any claim made upon you.” – Publisher’s Notes. Layman’s Guide to the English Constitution – Albert Burgess Albert Burgess, a former special police officer with a compendious knowledge of the law, argues that England is still ruled by Alfred the Great through the laws he gave us. His fascinating and very readable book, ‘Layman’s Guide to the English Constitution’ (available from ) – is the story of how the Constitution was formed and how, allegedly, High Treason has been and is still being committed at the highest levels of government, particularly with regard to the UK’s membership of the EU. Public Opinion – Walter Lippmann ‘Public Opinion’, by Walter Lippmann, is a critical assessment of democratic government, especially the irrational, and often self-serving, social perceptions that influence individual behaviour, and prevent real social cohesion.
The descriptions of the cognitive limitations people face in comprehending their socio-political and cultural environments, proposes that people must inevitably apply an evolving catalogue of general stereotypes to a complex reality, rendered ‘Public Opinion’ a seminal text in the fields of media studies, political science, and social psychology. ‘Public Opinion’ is widely considered to be one of the top 100 greatest books of all time. Big Brother Is Watching! The Prince – Niccolo Machiavelli ‘The Prince’ shocked Europe on publication with its ruthless tactics for gaining absolute power and its abandonment of conventional morality. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) came to be regarded as some by an agent of the Devil. For his treatise on statecraft, Machiavelli drew upon his own experience of office under the turbulent Florentine republic, rejecting traditional values of political theory and recognizing the complicated, transient nature of political life.
Concerned not with lofty ideals, but with a regime that would last, ‘The Prince’ has become the Bible of realpolitik, and still retains its power to alarm and to instruct. Surveillance Countermeasures: A Serious Guide to Detecting, Evading and Eluding Threats to Personal Privacy – ACM IV Security Services Learn to detect and evade surveillance efforts that threaten your personal security.
These time-tested tactics of observation, detection and evasion are proven effective against the most sophisticated surveillance techniques used in the world. The Road to Big Brother: One Man’s Struggle Against the Surveillance Society – Ross Clark In this entertaining and highly revealing account of his attempt to dodge Britain’s 4.2 million CCTV cameras and other forms of surveillance, Ross Clark lays bare the astonishing amount of personal data which is hoarded by the state and by commercial organizations, and asks whom should we fear most: the government agencies who are spying on us – or the criminals who seem to prosper in the swirling fog of excessive data-collection? Are We Being Deceived? The Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy – William Turner Shortly after claiming victory in the California presidential primary, Senator Robert Kennedy walked into a deadly spray of gunfire. Immediately, the Los Angeles Police Department concluded that the assassin, Sirhan Sirhan, had acted alone, the FBI concurred, and the vast majority of the American people accepted their opinion. In this compelling book – suppressed on its initial publication – former FBI agent William Turner exposes convincing evidence that Sirhan did not act alone.
– What was the virtually apolitical Sirhan’s motive? – Why, if Sirhan was standing in front of his victim, were the fatal wounds in the back of Kennedy’s head? – Why were there too many spent bullets (some the wrong size) for Sirhan’s gun?
– Did the LAPD discredit witnesses, try to make them alter their stories, and destroy key records? – Was Sirhan, in fact, a ‘Manchurian Candidate’, programmed through hypnosis either to kill Kennedy or divert attention while others did the job? ‘The Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy’, in a fascinating and chilling re-examination of the tragic events, makes the case that the murder of RFK, and the subsequent police and government investigations, bear all the hallmarks of the conspiracy surrounding the assassination of John F. Kennedy and the resulting Warren Commission.
Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda – Noam Chomsky Noam Chomsky’s classic primer is the ideal choice for someone wanting to understand the issue of propaganda, government spin, and how the media are complicit in it. For example, how did the modern PR (public relations) industry start? Who gave rise to the way propaganda is used in modern society? Chomsky demonstrates that, in practice, the media in the developed world serve the interests of state and corporate power – despite protestations to the contrary.
While individual journalists strive to abide by high standards of professionalism and integrity in their work, their paymasters – the media corporations – ultimately decide what we view, hear and read. Easy to read and as insightful and well-researched as any of this remarkable man’s work. “Powerful, always provocative: a superb polemicist who combines fluency of language with a formidable intellect.” Propaganda – Edward L. Bernays Edward Bernays is considered as one of the originators of the modern Public Relations industry. Written in 1928, this was the first book to discuss the manipulation of the masses and democracy by government spin and propaganda. It also serves as a dramatic sociological text, full of hard truths about the reality of modern life.
This is the reason why Noam Chomsky recommends this book so strongly. Bernays, as one would expect from the most successful propagandist of the 20th century, has a thorough grasp of psychology and sociology. His psychological view is based on “Uncle Siggy” – his Uncle Sigmund Freud.
The origin of his sociological views, however, are less clear, but he shares the views of many liberal thinkers that a real democracy is a danger to be avoided, and not an ideal to be sought. Bernays likes to point out the fact that we like to think that we are “free”, but we are often led by the “experts”: in business, in politics, in science, philosophy, ethics.
The PR agent serves the interests of the minority who control the interests and habits of the masses (what Bernays calls the “invisible Government”), by using the media industry itself, without its explicit knowledge. He describes an example from the fashion industry that is so obvious, that one feels very stupid in not noticing it. Weapons of Mass Instruction: A Schoolteacher’s Journey Through the Dark World of Compulsory Schooling – John Taylor Gatto John Taylor Gatto’s ‘Weapons of Mass Instruction’ focuses on mechanisms of traditional education which cripple imagination, discourage critical thinking, and create a false view of learning as a by-product of rote-memorisation drills. Gatto’s earlier book, ‘Dumbing Us Down’ introduced the now-famous expression of the title into the common speech.
This book adds another chilling metaphor to the brief against conventional schooling. Gatto demonstrates that the harm school inflicts is rational and deliberate. The real function of pedagogy, he argues, is to render the common population manageable. To that end, young people must be conditioned to rely upon experts, to remain divided from natural alliances and to accept disconnections from their own lived experiences. They must at all costs be discouraged from developing self-reliance and independence.
Escaping this trap requires a strategy Gatto calls “open source learning” which imposes no artificial divisions between learning and life. Through this alternative approach, our children can avoid being indoctrinated – only then can they achieve self-knowledge, good judgement, and courage. Mind Control Your Thoughts Are Not Your Own: Volume 1 - Neil Sanders Volume One details the facts and disclosed evidence of mind control programmes and experimentation performed by governments and government agencies across the world. BLUEBIRD, ARTICHOKE, MK ULTRA, The Tavistock Institute, L.S.D., hypnosis, trauma, drug experimentation, Manchurian candidates, mind control victims, the use of children in mind control, school shootings, psychotronic devices, microwave weaponry, synthetic telepathy, the Phoenix Program and serial killers are all examined and a chilling picture is painted of the lengths that those in power will go to in order to achieve total control of the mind.
The book is available from Neil's website: Your Thoughts Are Not Your Own: Volume 2 - Neil Sanders Volume Two details the broader aspects of mind manipulation and social control. How can advertisers shape belief without our knowledge? How can your senses be manipulated in order to affect you physically?
Can you be coerced to conform to a larger group? Are the film and music industries used to shape public opinion?
Can the News Media be trusted? Volume Two delves into these questions and evidences the government agencies responsible for this manipulation, detailing the connections between the Tavistock Institute, MK ULTRA, L.S.D, the music industry and the intentional directing of youth culture. The book is available from Neil's website: Combating Cult Mind Control: The Number 1 Best-selling Guide to Protection, Rescue and Recovery from Destructive Cults – Steven Hassan Cults are on the rise today, with recruitment practices targeting all segments of society, including the elderly. These destructive cults include religious, political, psycho-therapeutic, commercial, and educational ones.
A former cult member, now a counsellor helping those affected by destructive cults, Steven Hassan exposes the troubling facts about cults’ recruitment; their use of psychological manipulation; and their often subtle influence on government, the legal system, and society as a whole. Mass Control: Engineering Human Consciousness – Jim Keith ‘Mass Control’ is conspiracy expert Jim Keith’s latest book on mind control, ‘Project Monarch’, and mass manipulation.
Keith says that here stands the New Man. His conception of reality is a dance of electronic images fired into his forebrain, a gossamer construction of his masters, designed so that he will not under any circumstances perceive the actual. His happiness is delivered to him through a tube or an electronic connection. His god lurks behind an electronic curtain; when the curtain is pulled away we find the CIA sorcerer, the media manipulator. There are detailed chapters on the CIA, Tavistock, Jolly West and the Violence Centre, Guerrilla Mindwar, Brice Taylor, other recent victims.
Virtual Government: CIA Mind Control Operations in America – Alex Constantine ‘Virtual Government: CIA Mind Control Operations in America’ guides us through the tortuous ways used by the Nazis to get into power and how after the end of the war – in collaboration with several US agencies – Nazis infiltrated and blended into American culture, economy, society and policy. The most shocking part of this research is how these organizations manipulated the citizenry. Operation Mockingbird was created with the purpose of total control of the mass media, buying newspapers, magazines, TV channels and infiltrating Hollywood to influence and control public opinion. The use of innocent citizens as human guinea pigs without their knowledge or consent, the torture and brainwash of adults and children to experiment mind control techniques is the most scary part of this book that make us think about why so many people ended alienated, committing suicide or becoming mass murderers without a reason. Battle for the Mind – A Physiology of Conversion and Brain-Washing – William Sargant William Sargant changed the face of psychiatry – arguably for the worse. Sargant’s ideas were to influence the notorious CIA-funded Dr. His ultimately evil ‘therapy’ consisted of wiping the mind of its experiences.
Today's emphasis on professional accountability and achieving measurable results makes the question of public relations' status as an art or a science more important than ever. It's not about status or prestige; it's about fundamental operating principles and expectations. Is the practice of public relations art or science? Edward Bernays, one of the first and most prolific writers about public relations, was a strong proponent of the notion that public relations should be considered a science. More specifically, he called it “an applied social science” and equated it with other applied sciences in his landmark book The Engineering of Consent and many other publications.
This is a view that’s been controversial from the very beginning. It prompted mixed responses when it was first proposed, and continues to draw mixed reviews today.
It’s worth exploring, however, because of the insight it offers into the nature of public relations and what public relations practitioners can realistically expect to offer their employers and/or their clients. At the heart of the debate between seeing public relations as an art or as a science are two key questions:. Has public relations as a discipline developed standardized and widely-accepted practices and procedures?. Do these practices and procedures reliably produce consistent results each time they’re used, and can the outcome of public relations activity be predicted with a reasonable degree of statistical accuracy?
When Bernays began writing in the 1920s public relations was just starting to be recognized as a specialized area within communication and emerging as a distinct career field. So, he could not actually claim that this new field already had standardized and widely-accepted practices and procedures, but he could describe what he thought might be possible and how he thought the profession ought to operate. In this light, he optimistically – some critics say rashly – called public relations ' the engineering of consent,” a term he subsequently used as the title of a book and several other publications. That term alone was either a big leap of faith or a manifestation of Bernays' ego. Bernays based this view of public relations on a dictionary definition that said engineering is the 'art or science of making practical application of the knowledge of pure sciences, such as physics, chemistry, biology, etc.' Then, shifting his focus from the natural sciences to the social sciences, he moved into unexplored and questionable territory by making a parallel assertion that public relations is the practical application of the knowledge of the social sciences and, since the ultimate goal of public relations is to gain the consent or cooperation of the public, public relations can, by logical extension, be called the engineering of consent.
He went on to claim that public relations activities are 'planned and executed by trained practitioners in accordance with scientific principles, based on the findings of social scientists. Their dispassionate approach and methods may be likened to those of the engineering professions which stem from the physical sciences.' Throughout his 70-year career, in all his writings and his public speeches, Bernays constantly sought to make public relations more precise, more scientific, and more predictable. He told practitioners these characteristics were goals to which they should aspire, but he simultaneously tried to convince the general public and his clients that they were, in fact, already hallmarks of his profession. Not everyone bought it.
Even the practitioners were skeptical. In a 1984 article in Public Relations Quarterly, Marvin Olasky somewhat sarcastically quoted some of Bernays own writings, expecting the obvious exaggerations to speak for themselves and cause readers to question Bernays’ assertions. Olaksy was particularly troubled by Bernays' mechanistic and potentially Machiavellian claim that he could “effect some change in public opinion with a fair degree of accuracy by operating a certain mechanism, just as the motorist can regulate the speed of his car by manipulating the flow of gasoline.” The first problem with this claim was that most public relations practitioners simply didn’t believe public relations was that mechanistic or that it could operate with such certainty and predictability. As much as they might have wanted to guarantee favorable results to their clients, when they were honest with themselves, most practitioners knew they really couldn't do it. There is too much uncertainty in all public relations efforts. Perhaps even more troubling were the perceptions such assertions could trigger. In an era when propaganda with its underlying notion of manipulating public opinion had become highly suspect in American eyes, this was a claim few public relations practitioners wanted to be associated with.
Even if they had believed it, they wouldn't have dared to publicly make or support such a statement. Most practitioners remained much more modest about their ability to predict the outcome of public relations activities. For instance, in his book Fundamentals of Public Relations, Lawrence Nolte said, “In one sense the public relations man is akin to the weatherman who says there is a 60% chance of rain. These odds are not at all unreasonable. They are not, however, reliable enough to put public relations in the same category with engineering or any of the hard sciences.” Hollywood publicist Michael Levine would also have agreed.
Edward Bernays Pdf
He clearly sees public relations as an art. As he explained in his first book, Guerrilla P.R.: 'In science, two plus two equals four. It will always equal four whether added by a Republican from Iowa, a shaman from New Guinea, or an alien from Planet X. However, in public relations, two plus two may equal four. It may equal five.
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It may equal zero today and fifty tomorrow.' Personally, although I respect Bernays contributions to the profession, having lived and worked through a number of public relations situations in which “the math” seemed to change from day to day and where I got different outcomes after using identical techniques, I have to agree with Levine and Nolte that practicing public relations is not like doing science.
Edward Bernays Public Relations Pdf
This is not to say that public relations cannot and does not use some scientific and statistical techniques, or that its outcomes are totally unpredictable. Public relations is becoming more knowledge-based, more measurable, and more accountable all the time, but it will always have to deal with the unpredictability and contrariness of human nature that will forever keep it from being totally predictable. Because it deals with people and the interactions and relationships they have with one another, public relations will never be an exact science. Its practice will forever remain an art, a craft, or a skill. It will continue to have rules and guidelines, tried and true techniques, and standards of excellence, but they will never be fully codified.
The Engineering Of Consent Bernays
Nor will human intuition and feelings ever be totally eliminated from its practice. But, the more sophisticated, more experienced, and more human its practitioners become, the more artistic, elegant, and effective its practice will be What do you, as a public relations practitioner, strive to be: an artist or a scientist?